Standard Essential Patents and FRAND Licensing for Technological Sovereignty: A Eurasian Perspective

This article examines the challenges for the intellectual property regulation arising from the growing importance of standard essential patents (SEPs) and the associated obligations to license such patents on fair, reasonable, and non-discriminatory (FRAND) terms. The author presents an analysis of key regulatory issues and explores the impact of SEPs and FRAND licensing on the pursuit of technological sovereignty in the Eurasian regional context.