2 documentos indexados para o autor: Angkasa

Household waste management is an environmental challenge in many parts of Indonesia, including Banyumas Regency, where women are a key waste management resource. Women’s contributions to waste management are largely ignored in formal systems and local government policies. When considering John Rawls’ theory of justice, which centres on justice and equity, it is relevant to the assessment of the distribution of women’s roles and benefits in this case. Where waste management has been the focus of studies, it has been the provision of services or the empowerment of the community. Very few studies have focused on the distribution of women’s roles, with reference to the justice of John Rawls. Empirical juridical studies, particularly local regulation studies in Banyumas, are few in number. This research attempts to analyze the operational mechanisms, policies, and social frameworks that define the roles of women in the waste management of households in Banyumas, and assess the equity of the distribution of roles and benefits according to Rawls. The results of this study support the assertion that women waste managers lack equitable access to training, economic rewards, and structural recognition in regional policies, demonstrating ongoing inequities of distribution.

The legal framework for compensating victims of criminal offenses for economic losses in Indonesia still faces fundamental challenges regarding legal norms, institutional structures, and implementation mechanisms, resulting in legal gaps in the procedures and effectiveness of compensation, particularly for mass victims. This situation becomes even more complex when the perpetrators of criminal acts cannot be held accountable, necessitating legal reform focused on victim protection, legal certainty, and operational and sustainable compensation mechanisms. The objective of this study is to analyze and critique the legal framework for the economic restitution of victims of criminal offenses in Indonesia and to formulate a model for legal reform regarding the economic restitution of victims of criminal offenses that focuses on victim protection, legal certainty, and effective and sustainable restitution mechanisms. The research method employed is normative legal research using a legislative and conceptual approach, encompassing an analysis of positive legal provisions regarding the recovery of economic losses for victims of criminal offenses, as well as a study of legal doctrines and principles concerning victim protection, restorative justice, and the concept of the Pancasila Rule of Law. The findings of this study indicate that the legal framework for the recovery of economic losses suffered by victims of criminal offenses in Indonesia remains weak, particularly in ensuring effective recovery for a large number of victims, given the dominance of a system focused on the perpetrator and the legal vacuum that arises when the perpetrator cannot be prosecuted. The proposed legal reform model emphasizes victim restitution as a priority by integrating restorative justice approaches, asset forfeiture, and restitution mechanisms that involve the state as the protector of victims in accordance with the values of Pancasila.